Credibility...
I'm not sure why "credibility" would necessarily be at issue. The starting point will be that a clmt and LA will have equal credibility, unless there is evidence to suggest otherwise.
As for a claim being made, or not, there are two stages:
1) the onus, in the first instance, is on the LA to show a claim was not received.
2) THEN, the onus shifts to the clmt to show a claim was made.
There are many CDs on "postal" issues, but one specific to HB/CTB is worth reading: CH/1362/2003.
Other CDs where postal issues are addressed are (NB: the non-HB/CTB CDs are courtesy of previous Stainsby posts):
CH/0298/2003 CH/4006/2002
CG/2973/2004 R(SB) 8/89 - CSB/0788/1987
An instance of case law: SEALY v Consignia plc (2002) EWCA Civ 878 (on www.bailii.org)
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